I don't believe it's a tricky question at all: "Did you train your model on an artist's work that has copyright protection without permission?" is the very simple, straightforward question. The fact of its being an AI model is irrelevant.
Did you train _yourself_ on an another artist's work that has copyright protection without their permission? Yes? That's ok, because copyright law doesn't care.
If you have an argument, spell it out. Machine learning is not human learning. They are not the same. Arguing "because human beings learn" does not lead to the conclusion "therefore training models on an artist's work and thereby producing work that looks like theirs is okay". Or, if that is your argument, you have to do more work than just gesturing vaguely at the word "learning".
