Never mind that Lisp solved references, pointers, macros, byte-compilation and native compilation before the calendar flipped from 1969.
Lisp was compiled by around 1960.
Peter Landing, in 1964, presented the SECD machine, a kind of bytecode based on Lisp-like lists, directly usable for Lisp implementations, in "The Mechanical Evaluation of Expressions". Numerous Lisps have historically had some kind of "Lisp Assembly Language" (LAP) as an alternative or in addition to native compilation.
ZetaLisp, in 1981, the variant of MacLisp running on Lisp machines, featured locatives, which allow the address of a location to be passed around, for simulating reference parameters or members.
Lisp was compiled by around 1960.
Peter Landing, in 1964, presented the SECD machine, a kind of bytecode based on Lisp-like lists, directly usable for Lisp implementations, in "The Mechanical Evaluation of Expressions". Numerous Lisps have historically had some kind of "Lisp Assembly Language" (LAP) as an alternative or in addition to native compilation.
ZetaLisp, in 1981, the variant of MacLisp running on Lisp machines, featured locatives, which allow the address of a location to be passed around, for simulating reference parameters or members.