I'd imagine you could build something like this but it would get harder the smaller it is. Some sort of plastic sphere with rear projection from multiple projectors inside, warped to fit the globe (the more projectors, the more even focus would be around the full area of the globe). Project live sat imagery on inside of globe and view from outside.

I guess ideally it would use some fancy-pants spherical OLED to get around projection issues but I don't know if such a thing has ever been fabricated yet.

edit: just looked this up and apparently there have been spherical OLED displays and most search results are, indeed, demoed with globes.

Not something in your own house just yet but how about this: https://informal.jpl.nasa.gov/museum/CP4SMP/dynamic-globe