H1-B is mostly about money, and the best and most robust solution, in terms of being difficult to subvert, is to use money as the measure: To limit H1-B to the talent that's unobtainable locally, to auction the visas to the highest bidder, and have a high reserve price, say $30k. To an R&D company creating enormous value per employee it would be just a speed bump. To a body shop depressing wages by renting out compliant mediocrities to mediocre managers who find it comforting to have their crappy ideas never questioned, it would make continuing that blight painfully expensive.